INTRODUCTION:
In today’s competitive market where the world is reduced to a Global Village changes in major economic superpowers like U.S.A, China and European countries affect the global economic scenario drastically. No wonder recession in one country brings slowdown in industries all over the world.
CAUSES OF RECESSION:
Recession in U.S. Market started with sellout of major corporate houses. This caused unemployment to grow by about 8.5% .Major corporate houses fired their employees in order to cut their cost. Loss of jobs put financial constraints in the life of general public and less purchasing power to end users. This there by still reducing the demand and thus even more losing to the companies. With consumer confidence so low, recovery will take a long time.
EFFECT ON OTHER COUNTRIES:
Due to interdependencies of various countries on one another market slowdown started in other countries. Import and export are affected. Fall in share market in one country affects the share markets of other countries. So when NASSDAQ reports a fall in the stock market it causes fall in other share markets of various countries. Due to this industrial productivity falls in those counties. Investors are more alert on terms of investing their money as they are the one who suffer losses. Because of lack of finance companies find it hard to recover from the losses.
EFFECT ON INDIA:
Because Indian IT Industry in depended on international clients for its growth Recession cause a major setback in IT industry. Many foreign clients withdrew their setup in India. Many MNCs started to reduce their bench strength in order to cut their cost. Cost cutting drives were evident in Indian IT companies also .Problems in the management of SATYAM caused the share marked to fall even further. This caused the recovery of IT and ITES industry to slow down. The there were many problems the industry is starting to recover.
CONCLUTION:
By adopting careful and steady steps the global economy is finally coming out of the recession. US Economy grew by 1% in the first quarter of 2009. Government has a vital role to play in this scenario. By taking well planed steps this situation can be overcome and Economy of the market will show profits again.
Monday, September 28, 2009
FINANCE
Finance, basically refers to the business of money amongst the people around the world. In other words, finance can be said to be an institution for lending and borrowing of money. In today’s business world finance has become as important as food, shelter and house, because the people today have become highly status-conscious. Having a sound financial status has become the call of the day.
Finance, Business finance, Public finance, Personal finance, Investment, Profit/Loss, Global Economic Recovery, clients, cost-cutting
There are various aspects of finance. The different types of finance includes the Business finance, Public finance, Personal finance. The Business finance includes the using money for investing in any business which after execution may bring profit or loss to the investor. If the business incurs a profit, then the investor becomes financially strong and carries out the business faster, whereas if the investor incurs a loss, then he looses the money he had invested and his business fails. The Public finance includes the borrowing and lending of money from a Bank or any financial institution with a charge of some rate of interest. The banks lend money to people as loans, and charge some rate of interest on amount sanctioned as loan. Similarly there are some other financial institutions for the public in general, like the Life Insurance Institutions, who fix the money for the lives of people, or some material. The personal finance includes the personal dealings of an individual in terms of the money he earns. A person decides his investment based on his salary earned, and his requirements as basic needs, and then finally he saves the amount which is left. This is all about finance as regards the common man.
Finance has wider function and a wider role to play towards the people globally. There is a good amount of profit earned by the people by having business globally as the scopes become wide. Making a business globally means taking heed of the need of the people today. The businesses are made such that it satisfies the need of the common man and hence they can enrich their financial status. The simple examples of this kind of a business is Online Shopping, billing, etc. Thus finance is indirectly linked to the needs of the common man.
Recently in 2007-2009, there has been a great a great Global financial crisis, featured by the decline in the business and consumer wealth. There has been a loss of Trillions of US Dollars. The economic crisis basically relates to the declining of the business processes in the major developed countries like US. The direct reasons for such decline in finance is not one, for example the case that happened with the Lehman Brothers, US Bank which went on lending money to its customers in spite of having a financial deficit in its own account. Such examples were the keen reasons for such a heavy recession, as the US financial institutions had become highly indebted to its consumers at the beginning of the crisis. The situation has been poorer in the other countries, including India. But in India Reserve Bank had not been on such a verge of getting completely indebted, due to which Indian financial status is comparatively stable. The consequences of recession have been mainly shadowed amongst the people on work desk, fresher job-seekers. The people working in the companies are suffering due to cost-cutting, pay on bench processes, low pay, while the fresher job-seekers have become hopeless in search of their dream jobs.
There has been going on great efforts being made in order to overcome the recession period with time. The steps that could be taken up include uplifting of the existing systems of business, so that the companies do not incur such losses. The basic designing of the business strategies and plans should be improved as per the requirement. The financial status can be improved by designing a product to achieve the clients objectives, directly and removing the risks associated with that product. Any common product can be of ample financial importance to man if it serves the basic needs of the people in general.
Conclusion:
Man is a social being and every common man needs to attain the basic amenities of life. In bringing about this status to himself, and his family, he needs to have a sound financial background along with a healthy bank-balance. This serves as the basic for the carrying out a business and helps a person to make him becoming financially strong. Thus by carrying out any business with proper planning, one can improve the finance of a country as well as add to the Global Economic Recovery.
Finance, Business finance, Public finance, Personal finance, Investment, Profit/Loss, Global Economic Recovery, clients, cost-cutting
There are various aspects of finance. The different types of finance includes the Business finance, Public finance, Personal finance. The Business finance includes the using money for investing in any business which after execution may bring profit or loss to the investor. If the business incurs a profit, then the investor becomes financially strong and carries out the business faster, whereas if the investor incurs a loss, then he looses the money he had invested and his business fails. The Public finance includes the borrowing and lending of money from a Bank or any financial institution with a charge of some rate of interest. The banks lend money to people as loans, and charge some rate of interest on amount sanctioned as loan. Similarly there are some other financial institutions for the public in general, like the Life Insurance Institutions, who fix the money for the lives of people, or some material. The personal finance includes the personal dealings of an individual in terms of the money he earns. A person decides his investment based on his salary earned, and his requirements as basic needs, and then finally he saves the amount which is left. This is all about finance as regards the common man.
Finance has wider function and a wider role to play towards the people globally. There is a good amount of profit earned by the people by having business globally as the scopes become wide. Making a business globally means taking heed of the need of the people today. The businesses are made such that it satisfies the need of the common man and hence they can enrich their financial status. The simple examples of this kind of a business is Online Shopping, billing, etc. Thus finance is indirectly linked to the needs of the common man.
Recently in 2007-2009, there has been a great a great Global financial crisis, featured by the decline in the business and consumer wealth. There has been a loss of Trillions of US Dollars. The economic crisis basically relates to the declining of the business processes in the major developed countries like US. The direct reasons for such decline in finance is not one, for example the case that happened with the Lehman Brothers, US Bank which went on lending money to its customers in spite of having a financial deficit in its own account. Such examples were the keen reasons for such a heavy recession, as the US financial institutions had become highly indebted to its consumers at the beginning of the crisis. The situation has been poorer in the other countries, including India. But in India Reserve Bank had not been on such a verge of getting completely indebted, due to which Indian financial status is comparatively stable. The consequences of recession have been mainly shadowed amongst the people on work desk, fresher job-seekers. The people working in the companies are suffering due to cost-cutting, pay on bench processes, low pay, while the fresher job-seekers have become hopeless in search of their dream jobs.
There has been going on great efforts being made in order to overcome the recession period with time. The steps that could be taken up include uplifting of the existing systems of business, so that the companies do not incur such losses. The basic designing of the business strategies and plans should be improved as per the requirement. The financial status can be improved by designing a product to achieve the clients objectives, directly and removing the risks associated with that product. Any common product can be of ample financial importance to man if it serves the basic needs of the people in general.
Conclusion:
Man is a social being and every common man needs to attain the basic amenities of life. In bringing about this status to himself, and his family, he needs to have a sound financial background along with a healthy bank-balance. This serves as the basic for the carrying out a business and helps a person to make him becoming financially strong. Thus by carrying out any business with proper planning, one can improve the finance of a country as well as add to the Global Economic Recovery.
STOCK MARKET
ABSTRACTION:
Stock represents a share of ownership in a financial institution, while share is a unit which focuses on the share of profit and losses of that particular company. The whole idea of stock market is to deal with shares of a company by buying them. It is any other business where there are profits as well as losses. When a person wants to buy a particular share of a company, he must know what amount to buy and when he must sell them so that he wouldn’t be in possession of it when the share crashes. This is the whole idea of stock market. Different types of stocks are present. They are common stock and preferred stock.
INTRODUCTION:
Common stock is widely seen and often purchased buy the common man. It represents ownership in a company and a claim on a portion of profits. Common stocks, in the long run yield higher returns when compared to the other investments. And it is worth the price since it is very risky as well.
Preferred stock represents some degree of ownership in the company but it does not come with the voting right. This is not at all a risky affair since no matter what, the investors are guaranteed a fixed dividend which is forever. Although it is an added advantage, it does not yield the profit that a common stock does; infact investors of a preferred stock consider it as a debt than equity.
The stocks are mostly traded through exchange. Bombay stock exchange (BSE) and National stock exchange (NSE) are the best examples of trading exchange. It mainly constitutes of places where the sellers and the buyers meet and decide on the price of a particular stock. It’s a business where each second counts since a share which carries a high price can go low in the next minute. Hence the traders and investors are on their toes and do not waste a single minute. The other type of exchange is virtual wherein trading is done through a network of computers where trading is done electronically.This is convenient since the investors need not go to the exchange but can sit at one place and see the updates through the internet.
The purpose of a stock market is to facilitate the exchange of securities and at the same time reducing the risks of investing. It is important for us to distinguish between primary market and secondary market. In primary market, securities are created while in secondary market, investors trade previously issued securities without getting the company involved.
CONCLUSION:
Companies come to the stock market in a variety of different ways and for a variety of reasons. Stock market is a great way to make money but if a person ventures into it only for the sake of money, it is not advisable. That will help you in the long run. Finally to sum it up, stock market is any other business where there are profits as well as losses, so do not think only on the profit front.
Stock represents a share of ownership in a financial institution, while share is a unit which focuses on the share of profit and losses of that particular company. The whole idea of stock market is to deal with shares of a company by buying them. It is any other business where there are profits as well as losses. When a person wants to buy a particular share of a company, he must know what amount to buy and when he must sell them so that he wouldn’t be in possession of it when the share crashes. This is the whole idea of stock market. Different types of stocks are present. They are common stock and preferred stock.
INTRODUCTION:
Common stock is widely seen and often purchased buy the common man. It represents ownership in a company and a claim on a portion of profits. Common stocks, in the long run yield higher returns when compared to the other investments. And it is worth the price since it is very risky as well.
Preferred stock represents some degree of ownership in the company but it does not come with the voting right. This is not at all a risky affair since no matter what, the investors are guaranteed a fixed dividend which is forever. Although it is an added advantage, it does not yield the profit that a common stock does; infact investors of a preferred stock consider it as a debt than equity.
The stocks are mostly traded through exchange. Bombay stock exchange (BSE) and National stock exchange (NSE) are the best examples of trading exchange. It mainly constitutes of places where the sellers and the buyers meet and decide on the price of a particular stock. It’s a business where each second counts since a share which carries a high price can go low in the next minute. Hence the traders and investors are on their toes and do not waste a single minute. The other type of exchange is virtual wherein trading is done through a network of computers where trading is done electronically.This is convenient since the investors need not go to the exchange but can sit at one place and see the updates through the internet.
The purpose of a stock market is to facilitate the exchange of securities and at the same time reducing the risks of investing. It is important for us to distinguish between primary market and secondary market. In primary market, securities are created while in secondary market, investors trade previously issued securities without getting the company involved.
CONCLUSION:
Companies come to the stock market in a variety of different ways and for a variety of reasons. Stock market is a great way to make money but if a person ventures into it only for the sake of money, it is not advisable. That will help you in the long run. Finally to sum it up, stock market is any other business where there are profits as well as losses, so do not think only on the profit front.
Wednesday, September 23, 2009
Search engine optimization (SEO)
Introduction:-
Search engine optimization is the process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via "natural" or un-paid. Typically, the earlier (or higher) a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine. SEO has different kinds of search, including image search, local search, and industry-specific vertical search engines, and it gives a web search. As an internet strategy, SEO considers how search engines work and what people search for. Optimizing a website primarily involves editing its content and HTML and associated coding to both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines.
Explain about the Search Engine Optimization:-
SEO is a-friendly web site design by professionals skilled at incorporating the dynamics of search engines into your creative site concepts, and it copywriters who can convey the essence of your brand and stimulate conversions while driving search performance.and also SEO buzz Marketing services to reach our audiences through more than just our web site.
The acronym "SEO" can also refer to "search engine optimizers," the seo term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in-house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand-alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. Because effective SEO may require changes to the HTML source code of a site, SEO tactics may be incorporated into web site. Development and design. The term "search engine friendly" may be used to describe web site designs, menus, content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engine exposure.
Many SEOs and other agencies and consultants provide useful services for website owners, including: Review of your site content or structure, Technical advice on website development: for example, hosting, redirects, error pages, use of JavaScript and Content development,Management of online business development campaigns,Keyword research,SEO training,Expertise in specific markets and geographies.
The objective of Search Engine Optimization seo is to achieve high natural search engine placement for relevant keywords or keyword phrases. Natural Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a process that aligns a website's code and content with strategic keyword phrase targeting, ultimately assisting a search engine algorithm in understanding a website's keyword focus. SEO can be simple for some websites, while others may require intense website code, content, navigation and internal. Our SEO services have proven to significantly increase natural search engine rankings.
Search engine optimization is the process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via "natural" or un-paid. Typically, the earlier (or higher) a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine. SEO has different kinds of search, including image search, local search, and industry-specific vertical search engines, and it gives a web search. As an internet strategy, SEO considers how search engines work and what people search for. Optimizing a website primarily involves editing its content and HTML and associated coding to both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines.
Explain about the Search Engine Optimization:-
SEO is a-friendly web site design by professionals skilled at incorporating the dynamics of search engines into your creative site concepts, and it copywriters who can convey the essence of your brand and stimulate conversions while driving search performance.and also SEO buzz Marketing services to reach our audiences through more than just our web site.
The acronym "SEO" can also refer to "search engine optimizers," the seo term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in-house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand-alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. Because effective SEO may require changes to the HTML source code of a site, SEO tactics may be incorporated into web site. Development and design. The term "search engine friendly" may be used to describe web site designs, menus, content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engine exposure.
Many SEOs and other agencies and consultants provide useful services for website owners, including: Review of your site content or structure, Technical advice on website development: for example, hosting, redirects, error pages, use of JavaScript and Content development,Management of online business development campaigns,Keyword research,SEO training,Expertise in specific markets and geographies.
The objective of Search Engine Optimization seo is to achieve high natural search engine placement for relevant keywords or keyword phrases. Natural Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a process that aligns a website's code and content with strategic keyword phrase targeting, ultimately assisting a search engine algorithm in understanding a website's keyword focus. SEO can be simple for some websites, while others may require intense website code, content, navigation and internal. Our SEO services have proven to significantly increase natural search engine rankings.
SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION
Introduction:
Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website from search engines via "natural" or un-paid ("organic" or "algorithmic") search results. Typically, the earlier (or higher) a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, and industry-specific vertical search engines. This gives a web site web presence.
As an internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work and what people search for. Optimizing a website primarily involves editing its content and HTML and associated coding to both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines.
The acronym "SEO" can also refer to "search engine optimizers," a term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in-house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand-alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. Because effective SEO may require changes to the HTML source code of a site, SEO tactics may be incorporated into website development and design. The term "search engine friendly" may be used to describe web site designs, menus, content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engine exposure.
Search engine optimization methods:
Getting indexed
The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee .Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database, but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results.
Search engine crawlers may look at a number of different factors when crawling a site. Not every page is indexed by the search engines. Distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.
Preventing crawling
To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots. When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled. The robots.txt file is then parsed, and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled. As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish crawled.
Increasing prominence
A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the search results. These include:
• Cross linking between pages of the same website. Giving more links to main pages of the website, to increase Page Rank used by search engines. Linking from other websites, including link farming and comment spam.
• Writing content that includes frequently searched keyword phrase, so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queries. Adding relevant keywords to a web page meta tags, including keyword stuffing.
• URL normalization of web pages accessible via multiple url s, using the "canonical" meta tag.
Search engine optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website from search engines via "natural" or un-paid ("organic" or "algorithmic") search results. Typically, the earlier (or higher) a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive from the search engine. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, and industry-specific vertical search engines. This gives a web site web presence.
As an internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work and what people search for. Optimizing a website primarily involves editing its content and HTML and associated coding to both increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines.
The acronym "SEO" can also refer to "search engine optimizers," a term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in-house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand-alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. Because effective SEO may require changes to the HTML source code of a site, SEO tactics may be incorporated into website development and design. The term "search engine friendly" may be used to describe web site designs, menus, content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engine exposure.
Search engine optimization methods:
Getting indexed
The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee .Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database, but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results.
Search engine crawlers may look at a number of different factors when crawling a site. Not every page is indexed by the search engines. Distance of pages from the root directory of a site may also be a factor in whether or not pages get crawled.
Preventing crawling
To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots. When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled. The robots.txt file is then parsed, and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled. As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish crawled.
Increasing prominence
A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the search results. These include:
• Cross linking between pages of the same website. Giving more links to main pages of the website, to increase Page Rank used by search engines. Linking from other websites, including link farming and comment spam.
• Writing content that includes frequently searched keyword phrase, so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queries. Adding relevant keywords to a web page meta tags, including keyword stuffing.
• URL normalization of web pages accessible via multiple url s, using the "canonical" meta tag.
Banking
“Space has vanished, time has seized we are living in a Globalized world, so bank is your every thing”
Marshel Macluhan (Noted Economist)
In the current arena Bank is a vital part of society, because it gives a lot of help to comman people through various programme like financial loan, security, so that we have to discuss what is banking and how it helps to rebuild our country.
Introduction
A bank is a financial institution run by either Private Corporate Companies or Government itself and license has been given by government only. The primary duty of bank is lend money to people, and providing financial service to consumers and businesses. Basically a bank provides accounts which can be used to make payments and purchase goods and service savings accounts and time deposits that can be used to save money for future also.
Another important thing which a bank provides is loan that can be used to purchase goods and service. This particular loan is very helpful to farmers because most of the time there agricultural lands have been ruined by heavy rains, Huricane, etc. At that time almost all banks are providing loans to sort out the farmer’s problem. This is one just example the way banks are being helped the people.
Types of banks specialisation
Basically banks are giving various specialisations, in offering these basic banking services,
1) Commercial banks
2) Savings and loan associations
3) Savings banks,
4) Credit unions
Types of banking
There are types of banking which provides lot of helps following are the types of banking
“online banking electronic banking investment banking banking day home banking private banking retail banking e banking internet banking mobile banking”
Among this service online banking is very popular because of onslaught of internet and people are very busy so that they don’t have time to go to bank fill the forms most of the people prefer online banking. It allows customers to conduct through internet and also able transactions through online.
Conclusion
Everyone knows that banks become mired in bad debts when the economy takes a turn for the worse. Lot of banks have been shut down because of finical lose for eg, when interest rates jumped rapidly from 6 per cent to 15 per cent, making it impossible for businesses and households to service their bank borrowings. Some banks lost multimillion-pound loans. Then there was the collapse of the housing market, also makes havoc in banking sector. Despite the financial lose some banks have been merge with other banks to save the reputation and lose.
Let’s conclude banking sector is backbone of a country it not only serves the society but also serve the country interest. It’s a mirror of society it serve the people, society and country
……………………………………………………………………………..
Marshel Macluhan (Noted Economist)
In the current arena Bank is a vital part of society, because it gives a lot of help to comman people through various programme like financial loan, security, so that we have to discuss what is banking and how it helps to rebuild our country.
Introduction
A bank is a financial institution run by either Private Corporate Companies or Government itself and license has been given by government only. The primary duty of bank is lend money to people, and providing financial service to consumers and businesses. Basically a bank provides accounts which can be used to make payments and purchase goods and service savings accounts and time deposits that can be used to save money for future also.
Another important thing which a bank provides is loan that can be used to purchase goods and service. This particular loan is very helpful to farmers because most of the time there agricultural lands have been ruined by heavy rains, Huricane, etc. At that time almost all banks are providing loans to sort out the farmer’s problem. This is one just example the way banks are being helped the people.
Types of banks specialisation
Basically banks are giving various specialisations, in offering these basic banking services,
1) Commercial banks
2) Savings and loan associations
3) Savings banks,
4) Credit unions
Types of banking
There are types of banking which provides lot of helps following are the types of banking
“online banking electronic banking investment banking banking day home banking private banking retail banking e banking internet banking mobile banking”
Among this service online banking is very popular because of onslaught of internet and people are very busy so that they don’t have time to go to bank fill the forms most of the people prefer online banking. It allows customers to conduct through internet and also able transactions through online.
Conclusion
Everyone knows that banks become mired in bad debts when the economy takes a turn for the worse. Lot of banks have been shut down because of finical lose for eg, when interest rates jumped rapidly from 6 per cent to 15 per cent, making it impossible for businesses and households to service their bank borrowings. Some banks lost multimillion-pound loans. Then there was the collapse of the housing market, also makes havoc in banking sector. Despite the financial lose some banks have been merge with other banks to save the reputation and lose.
Let’s conclude banking sector is backbone of a country it not only serves the society but also serve the country interest. It’s a mirror of society it serve the people, society and country
……………………………………………………………………………..
Share Capital
Introduction:-
Share capital is the funds raised by issuing shares in return for the benefits. It is also known as Equity Financing. The amount of share capital of a company has can change over time because when each time a business sells new shares to the public in exchange for cash, that time the amount of share capital will increase.
Explanation:
The amount of share capital a company reports on its balance sheet. It is only accounts for the initial amount for which the original shareholders purchased the shares from the issuing company. Any price differences arising from price raising or falling as a result of transactions in the secondary market are not included.
For example, suppose Adsys India ltd raised 2 crores from its initial public offering. Over the next year, the total value of its shares increases to 5 crores. In this case, the value of the share capital is still only 2 crores because adsys India ltd had received only 2 crores from the sale of its securities to the investing public.
Share Capital may consist of:-
a) Common Share:
It gives an ownership right to the holders of the stock and hence the share holders are entitled to the earnings of the company according to their stocks. Holders also get payments on those stocks as and when given by the company. Liquidity of common stocks are very high and can be bought and sold at any time of the market hours.
b) Preferred Share:
These stocks also give ownership right to its holders. Its holders enjoy the privilege of receiving dividends from the company in preference to any other common share holders.
Preferred stocks have less liquidity than the common stocks.
The disadvantage of financing through share capital route is that the owner(s) has to give-up certain amount of control from the business because buyers of the Share Capital become part owners of the company in accordance to their stake in the same and hence possess certain degree of control over its operation.
Conclusion:
Share Capital issuances are most likely to benefit the small businesses who suffer from lack of initial cash flow. Through this, small businesses get easy access to fund. It is also advantageous to a small business owner because he has no written promise for repayment of money to the investor.
Share capital is the funds raised by issuing shares in return for the benefits. It is also known as Equity Financing. The amount of share capital of a company has can change over time because when each time a business sells new shares to the public in exchange for cash, that time the amount of share capital will increase.
Explanation:
The amount of share capital a company reports on its balance sheet. It is only accounts for the initial amount for which the original shareholders purchased the shares from the issuing company. Any price differences arising from price raising or falling as a result of transactions in the secondary market are not included.
For example, suppose Adsys India ltd raised 2 crores from its initial public offering. Over the next year, the total value of its shares increases to 5 crores. In this case, the value of the share capital is still only 2 crores because adsys India ltd had received only 2 crores from the sale of its securities to the investing public.
Share Capital may consist of:-
a) Common Share:
It gives an ownership right to the holders of the stock and hence the share holders are entitled to the earnings of the company according to their stocks. Holders also get payments on those stocks as and when given by the company. Liquidity of common stocks are very high and can be bought and sold at any time of the market hours.
b) Preferred Share:
These stocks also give ownership right to its holders. Its holders enjoy the privilege of receiving dividends from the company in preference to any other common share holders.
Preferred stocks have less liquidity than the common stocks.
The disadvantage of financing through share capital route is that the owner(s) has to give-up certain amount of control from the business because buyers of the Share Capital become part owners of the company in accordance to their stake in the same and hence possess certain degree of control over its operation.
Conclusion:
Share Capital issuances are most likely to benefit the small businesses who suffer from lack of initial cash flow. Through this, small businesses get easy access to fund. It is also advantageous to a small business owner because he has no written promise for repayment of money to the investor.
Long term finance
Introduction: -
Long term finance and it fields.
In today context we can’t hope our life without our corporate world. And as its mention earlier the long term finance what it is .we will let a light on its definition first. What is
Long term finance it means the long time financial facility or the loan that we have to
Repay after a long period of time means we have a time of more then one year to re
Pay it .and the money we repay less then one year that is called short term finance.
Now we will discus why did company need the long term finance. Why the firm need
Finance for the operation and who are the firm that need for it and the firm that provide
Long term finance for.
In corporate world all firm need some financial help in recession period and all firm depend on market situation when market rise firm need finance for expending their business. And
During recession they need money for save their business. So we can say that long term finance is essential for long term business.
There are verius field that require finance for business. And there are different type of long
Term finance that company provided for its client these are:
1 project finance
2debt and working capital
3 long term rental or the houses.
1 project finance:- project finance are the finance that company provided for long term project. Such as for energy plant , infrastructure and technology. These firms provided such loan for company for their long term project and support them financially for their work.
Debt and working capital:- this type of loan are given as a debt for company and beside it
The firm that lend the finance keep some of solo proportion ship with company. They keep some of the right from company for their risk what they held for the financing.
Long term rental loan:- that type of loan are given for the partnership of company
For example that loan are paid for such as by a new luxury apartment, for by a new sight
In this type of loan the company have to repay the loan in installment.
Source of long term financing:- there are few type of long term financing sources that a firm
Can take finance help these are
1debt
2 derivatives
3 equity
1 debt :- debt is defined as we owned money from other company it may be a financial firm
May be a company which run its business and provide loan for other company for support
Their business.
2 derivatives:- there are two type of derivative one is option and another is future derivatives
3equity :- equity is a part of loan that firm provide for its subsidiary or its co branding company with it the main firm take some of legal right of that company.
Now we talk about in Indian economy which are the firm that provide long term loan for
Copany. In India world bank is the largest co. who provide the long term loan for India
It has announced 4.3 billion dollar to India for improve Indian infrastructure. And in
Indian there are many firms like medi pharma drug house maghdev enterprises that provide
Long term loan for business as well as other level . and one of the most firm is RBI
That provide loan for govt. sector. In out five year planning there are many new plan for the
Indian firms to start their business and save them from unusual crisis. In G 20 meet our
Prime minister has focus on long term loan for our infrastructure. He said that we have need
To improve out nation and for that we need to take some planning for it we shout provide long term as well as short term loans for out business units we shout support them and for
Make recovery form crisis that should be out main agenda. We will work for it .
Conclusion:- in out corporate economy we depend on market situation which is flexible
So continue out business and make it safe from any disaster long term finance is the one
Of the best way to save out business from uncertainty. And as per out five year planning
Our prime minister has suggest many new plan for loaning for firms .
Long term finance and it fields.
In today context we can’t hope our life without our corporate world. And as its mention earlier the long term finance what it is .we will let a light on its definition first. What is
Long term finance it means the long time financial facility or the loan that we have to
Repay after a long period of time means we have a time of more then one year to re
Pay it .and the money we repay less then one year that is called short term finance.
Now we will discus why did company need the long term finance. Why the firm need
Finance for the operation and who are the firm that need for it and the firm that provide
Long term finance for.
In corporate world all firm need some financial help in recession period and all firm depend on market situation when market rise firm need finance for expending their business. And
During recession they need money for save their business. So we can say that long term finance is essential for long term business.
There are verius field that require finance for business. And there are different type of long
Term finance that company provided for its client these are:
1 project finance
2debt and working capital
3 long term rental or the houses.
1 project finance:- project finance are the finance that company provided for long term project. Such as for energy plant , infrastructure and technology. These firms provided such loan for company for their long term project and support them financially for their work.
Debt and working capital:- this type of loan are given as a debt for company and beside it
The firm that lend the finance keep some of solo proportion ship with company. They keep some of the right from company for their risk what they held for the financing.
Long term rental loan:- that type of loan are given for the partnership of company
For example that loan are paid for such as by a new luxury apartment, for by a new sight
In this type of loan the company have to repay the loan in installment.
Source of long term financing:- there are few type of long term financing sources that a firm
Can take finance help these are
1debt
2 derivatives
3 equity
1 debt :- debt is defined as we owned money from other company it may be a financial firm
May be a company which run its business and provide loan for other company for support
Their business.
2 derivatives:- there are two type of derivative one is option and another is future derivatives
3equity :- equity is a part of loan that firm provide for its subsidiary or its co branding company with it the main firm take some of legal right of that company.
Now we talk about in Indian economy which are the firm that provide long term loan for
Copany. In India world bank is the largest co. who provide the long term loan for India
It has announced 4.3 billion dollar to India for improve Indian infrastructure. And in
Indian there are many firms like medi pharma drug house maghdev enterprises that provide
Long term loan for business as well as other level . and one of the most firm is RBI
That provide loan for govt. sector. In out five year planning there are many new plan for the
Indian firms to start their business and save them from unusual crisis. In G 20 meet our
Prime minister has focus on long term loan for our infrastructure. He said that we have need
To improve out nation and for that we need to take some planning for it we shout provide long term as well as short term loans for out business units we shout support them and for
Make recovery form crisis that should be out main agenda. We will work for it .
Conclusion:- in out corporate economy we depend on market situation which is flexible
So continue out business and make it safe from any disaster long term finance is the one
Of the best way to save out business from uncertainty. And as per out five year planning
Our prime minister has suggest many new plan for loaning for firms .
Search engine optimization.
Definition: is the
Process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website from search engines via search result.
The examples of SEO are image search, local search and industry-specific verticalsearch engines. This gives a web site web presence. The best example is Google search where you can search any entity or object.
History.
Webmasters and content providers began optimizing sites for search engines in the mid-1990s, as the first search engines were cataloging the early Web. Initially, all a webmaster needed to do was submit the address of a page, or URL, to the various engines which would send a spider, extract links to other pages from it, and return information found on the page to be indexed.
Search engine optimization methods.
Getting indexed: The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use to find pages for their algorithmic search results
Preventing crawling: To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain.
Increasing prominence: A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the searches results. These include 1)Cross linking.
2) Keyword Stuffing.
3) URL Normalization.
As a marketing strategy.
Eye tracking studies have shown that searchers scan a search results page from top to bottom and left to right, looking for a relevant result. Placement at or near the top of the rankings therefore increases the number of searchers who will visit a site. However, more search engine referrals does not guarantee more sales.
International markets.
Optimization techniques are highly tuned to the dominant search engines in the target market. The search engines market shares vary from market to market, as doe’s competition. As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine. In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player. The most notable markets were China and Japan.
List of Search Engines.
• 1 Geographical limited scope
• 2 Accountancy
• 3 Business
• 4 Enterprise
• 5 Mobile
• 6 News
• 7 People
• 8 Real property.
Relationship with search engines.
Search engines recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well in their search engines, and that some webmasters were even manipulating their rankings in search results by stuffing pages with excessive. Early search engines, such as Info seek adjusted their algorithms in an effort to prevent webmasters from manipulating rankings.
Due to the high marketing value of targeted search results, there is potential for an adversarial relationship between search engines and SEO. An annual conference, Adversarial Information Retrieval on the Web, was created to discuss and minimize the damaging effects of aggressive web content providers.
References .
1) Brian Pinkerton. "Finding What People Want: Experiences with the WebCrawler" (PDF). The Second International WWW Conference Chicago, USA, October 17–20, 1994. http://www.webir.org/resources/phd/pinkerton_2000.pdf.
2) Cory Doctored (August 26, 2001). "Metacarpi: Putting the torch to seven straw-men of the meta-utopia". E-Learning Guru. http://www.e-learningguru.com/articles/metacrap.htm.
3) Pringle, G., Allison, L., and Dower, D. (April 1998). "What is a tall poppy among web pages?”
4) Bring, Sergey and Page, Larry (1998). "The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hyper textual Web Search Engine". Proceedings of the seventh international conference on World Wide Web.
5) Thompson, Bill (December 19, 2003). "Is Google good for you"? BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3334531.stm.
6) Sultan Gong and Hector Garcia-Molina (2005). "Link Spam Alliances" (PDF). Proceedings of the 31st VLDB Conference, Sondheim, Norway. http://infolab.stanford.edu/~zoltan/publications/gyongyi2005link.pdf.
Process of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a website from search engines via search result.
The examples of SEO are image search, local search and industry-specific verticalsearch engines. This gives a web site web presence. The best example is Google search where you can search any entity or object.
History.
Webmasters and content providers began optimizing sites for search engines in the mid-1990s, as the first search engines were cataloging the early Web. Initially, all a webmaster needed to do was submit the address of a page, or URL, to the various engines which would send a spider, extract links to other pages from it, and return information found on the page to be indexed.
Search engine optimization methods.
Getting indexed: The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use to find pages for their algorithmic search results
Preventing crawling: To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain.
Increasing prominence: A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the searches results. These include 1)Cross linking.
2) Keyword Stuffing.
3) URL Normalization.
As a marketing strategy.
Eye tracking studies have shown that searchers scan a search results page from top to bottom and left to right, looking for a relevant result. Placement at or near the top of the rankings therefore increases the number of searchers who will visit a site. However, more search engine referrals does not guarantee more sales.
International markets.
Optimization techniques are highly tuned to the dominant search engines in the target market. The search engines market shares vary from market to market, as doe’s competition. As of 2009, there are only a few large markets where Google is not the leading search engine. In most cases, when Google is not leading in a given market, it is lagging behind a local player. The most notable markets were China and Japan.
List of Search Engines.
• 1 Geographical limited scope
• 2 Accountancy
• 3 Business
• 4 Enterprise
• 5 Mobile
• 6 News
• 7 People
• 8 Real property.
Relationship with search engines.
Search engines recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well in their search engines, and that some webmasters were even manipulating their rankings in search results by stuffing pages with excessive. Early search engines, such as Info seek adjusted their algorithms in an effort to prevent webmasters from manipulating rankings.
Due to the high marketing value of targeted search results, there is potential for an adversarial relationship between search engines and SEO. An annual conference, Adversarial Information Retrieval on the Web, was created to discuss and minimize the damaging effects of aggressive web content providers.
References .
1) Brian Pinkerton. "Finding What People Want: Experiences with the WebCrawler" (PDF). The Second International WWW Conference Chicago, USA, October 17–20, 1994. http://www.webir.org/resources/phd/pinkerton_2000.pdf.
2) Cory Doctored (August 26, 2001). "Metacarpi: Putting the torch to seven straw-men of the meta-utopia". E-Learning Guru. http://www.e-learningguru.com/articles/metacrap.htm.
3) Pringle, G., Allison, L., and Dower, D. (April 1998). "What is a tall poppy among web pages?”
4) Bring, Sergey and Page, Larry (1998). "The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hyper textual Web Search Engine". Proceedings of the seventh international conference on World Wide Web.
5) Thompson, Bill (December 19, 2003). "Is Google good for you"? BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3334531.stm.
6) Sultan Gong and Hector Garcia-Molina (2005). "Link Spam Alliances" (PDF). Proceedings of the 31st VLDB Conference, Sondheim, Norway. http://infolab.stanford.edu/~zoltan/publications/gyongyi2005link.pdf.
Search Engine Optimization
INTRODUCTION:-
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the quality and quantity of traffic to a web site from search engines via "Organic", "Algorithmic" or "Natural" search results rather than Pay Per Click (PPC).
Traffic exists on Google as well as the other major search engines. Search Engine Optimization is the process of studying that traffic for a specific keyword, theme or area.
Many SEOs and other agencies and consultants provide useful services for website owners, including:
• Review of your site content or structure
• Technical advice on website development: for example, hosting, redirects, error pages, use of JavaScript
• Content development
• Management of online business development campaigns
• Keyword research
• SEO training
• Expertise in specific markets
Methods
Getting indexed
The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee or cost per click. Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database, but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results.
Preventing crawling
To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots. When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled.
Increasing prominence
A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the searchs results. These include:
• Cross linking between pages of the same website. Giving more links to main pages of the website, to increase PageRank used by search engines.
• URL normalization of web pages accessible via multiple urls, using the "canonical" meta tag
If you're thinking about hiring an SEO, the earlier the better. A great time to hire is when you're considering a site redesign, or planning to launch a new site. That way, you and your SEO can ensure that your site is designed to be search engine-friendly from the bottom up. However, a good SEO can also help improve an existing site.
Some useful questions to ask an SEO include
• What's your experience in my industry?
• What's your experience in my country/city?
• What's your experience developing international sites?
• What are your most important SEO techniques?
• How long have you been in business?
• How can I expect to communicate with you? Will you share with me all the changes you make to my site, and provide detailed information about your
Conclusion on overall Search engine optimization
We can, I think, all conclude that the overall search engine optimization (SEO) requesting links the most annoying and boring part, or not?
I believe that in each case and what to me is the following two cases:
1. It is difficult to get links to find the sites, webmaster e-mail, kindly ask to place the link (link back no problem helping, but not always), wait another mailing, etc.
2. If the link has been placed, it is but how long that link stays! We note that we regularly have made quite a few left and we see a slow few months later the total number of incoming links back pockets.
Possible explanation is that many webmasters want you at least once a month a visitor to this site sends. Well you everything for love to love but at this point someone who has experience with sites that have thousands of incoming links and to keep?
Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is the process of improving the quality and quantity of traffic to a web site from search engines via "Organic", "Algorithmic" or "Natural" search results rather than Pay Per Click (PPC).
Traffic exists on Google as well as the other major search engines. Search Engine Optimization is the process of studying that traffic for a specific keyword, theme or area.
Many SEOs and other agencies and consultants provide useful services for website owners, including:
• Review of your site content or structure
• Technical advice on website development: for example, hosting, redirects, error pages, use of JavaScript
• Content development
• Management of online business development campaigns
• Keyword research
• SEO training
• Expertise in specific markets
Methods
Getting indexed
The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee or cost per click. Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database, but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results.
Preventing crawling
To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots. When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled.
Increasing prominence
A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the searchs results. These include:
• Cross linking between pages of the same website. Giving more links to main pages of the website, to increase PageRank used by search engines.
• URL normalization of web pages accessible via multiple urls, using the "canonical" meta tag
If you're thinking about hiring an SEO, the earlier the better. A great time to hire is when you're considering a site redesign, or planning to launch a new site. That way, you and your SEO can ensure that your site is designed to be search engine-friendly from the bottom up. However, a good SEO can also help improve an existing site.
Some useful questions to ask an SEO include
• What's your experience in my industry?
• What's your experience in my country/city?
• What's your experience developing international sites?
• What are your most important SEO techniques?
• How long have you been in business?
• How can I expect to communicate with you? Will you share with me all the changes you make to my site, and provide detailed information about your
Conclusion on overall Search engine optimization
We can, I think, all conclude that the overall search engine optimization (SEO) requesting links the most annoying and boring part, or not?
I believe that in each case and what to me is the following two cases:
1. It is difficult to get links to find the sites, webmaster e-mail, kindly ask to place the link (link back no problem helping, but not always), wait another mailing, etc.
2. If the link has been placed, it is but how long that link stays! We note that we regularly have made quite a few left and we see a slow few months later the total number of incoming links back pockets.
Possible explanation is that many webmasters want you at least once a month a visitor to this site sends. Well you everything for love to love but at this point someone who has experience with sites that have thousands of incoming links and to keep?
Search Engine Optimization(SEO)
Introduction:
SEO mainly deals with improvement of traffic that is sent to a particular website through the search engine. Webpage owners want their site to have the highest search engine results possible. They want to increase the amount of people who visit their site regularly and the best way to do that is through search engine optimization or SEO. So initially the webmasters and content writers sent the URL address to the search engine, which would send spiders to the page and index it for the keywords being searched.
Early versions of the search engines like the ALIWEB metatags provided by the webmasters were in use, however this would lead to unnecessary and incomplete information and websites being shown in results. In order to overcome these problems , Stanford university students Brin and Page devised a new algorithm called pagerank and founded the 1st search engine called backrub. This however was later replaced with GOOGLE in 1998.
Methods of SEO:
The SEO is basically carried out using the following methods:
Getting indexed:
The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee or cost per click Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database, but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results. Two major directories, the Yahoo Directory and the Open Directory Project both require manual submission and human editorial review.
Preventing crawling:
To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots. When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled. The robots.txt file is then parsed, and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled. As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish crawled. Pages typically prevented from being crawled include login specific pages such as shopping carts and user-specific content such as search results from internal searches.
Increasing prominence:
A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the searchs results. These include:
• Cross linking between pages of the same website. Giving more links to main pages of the website, to increase PageRank used by search engines]Linking from other websites, including link farming and comment spam
• Writing content that includes frequently searched keyword phrase, so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queriesAdding relevant keywords to a web page meta tags, including keyword stuffing.
• URL normalization of web pages accessible via multiple urls, using the "canonical
Applications of SEO
Internet Marketing
E-mail marketing, which includes e-mails and online newsletters, is a form of permission-based, relationship marketing. Once people opt-in to receive periodic announcements about your products and services, you have the opportunity to convert prospects, retain customers and create value for your business. We help you build cost-effective e-mail campaigns that market directly to potential customers, extend your brand and establish lasting relationships with existing customers.
Pay Per Click (PPC):
With Pay Per Click (PPC) advertising, you bid on the keywords you believe prospects will enter in the search engine to look for your products or services. For example, if you sell telecommunications services, you may bid on keywords like "VoIP", "phone systems" or "Internet service provider". You bid on these keywords hopeful that a user will type these words in the search bar, see your ad, click it and buy. These ads are called sponsored links or sponsored ads and typically appear next to the natural results on a search page. You pay for your ad only when the user clicks on it. Google AdWords and Yahoo! Search Marketing (formerly Overture) are currently the largest PPC providers. Our job is to help you choose the right PPC keywords to match your business initiative, craft and place cost-effective ads.
Interactive advertising uses interactive media such as banner ads and Flash to elicit an active response from visitors. They promote your products and services and educate prospects. If well crafted, interactive advertising allows you to engage consumers in direct and personal ways, enabling dialogues which may affect buying decisions. We help by producing quality presentations, mini websites and online ad campaigns.
E-mail marketing:
E-mail marketing, which includes e-mails and online newsletters, is a form of permission-based, relationship marketing. Once people opt-in to receive periodic announcements about your products and services, you have the opportunity to convert prospects, retain customers and create value for your business. We help you build cost-effective e-mail campaigns that market directly to potential customers, extend your brand and establish lasting relationships with existing customers.
Conclusion:
Hence we can conclude that SEO has become an indispensable part of today’s web browsing which produces accurate results to the user.
SEO mainly deals with improvement of traffic that is sent to a particular website through the search engine. Webpage owners want their site to have the highest search engine results possible. They want to increase the amount of people who visit their site regularly and the best way to do that is through search engine optimization or SEO. So initially the webmasters and content writers sent the URL address to the search engine, which would send spiders to the page and index it for the keywords being searched.
Early versions of the search engines like the ALIWEB metatags provided by the webmasters were in use, however this would lead to unnecessary and incomplete information and websites being shown in results. In order to overcome these problems , Stanford university students Brin and Page devised a new algorithm called pagerank and founded the 1st search engine called backrub. This however was later replaced with GOOGLE in 1998.
Methods of SEO:
The SEO is basically carried out using the following methods:
Getting indexed:
The leading search engines, such as Google and Yahoo!, use crawlers to find pages for their algorithmic search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably Yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a set fee or cost per click Such programs usually guarantee inclusion in the database, but do not guarantee specific ranking within the search results. Two major directories, the Yahoo Directory and the Open Directory Project both require manual submission and human editorial review.
Preventing crawling:
To avoid undesirable content in the search indexes, webmasters can instruct spiders not to crawl certain files or directories through the standard robots.txt file in the root directory of the domain. Additionally, a page can be explicitly excluded from a search engine's database by using a meta tag specific to robots. When a search engine visits a site, the robots.txt located in the root directory is the first file crawled. The robots.txt file is then parsed, and will instruct the robot as to which pages are not to be crawled. As a search engine crawler may keep a cached copy of this file, it may on occasion crawl pages a webmaster does not wish crawled. Pages typically prevented from being crawled include login specific pages such as shopping carts and user-specific content such as search results from internal searches.
Increasing prominence:
A variety of other methods are employed to get a webpage shown up in the searchs results. These include:
• Cross linking between pages of the same website. Giving more links to main pages of the website, to increase PageRank used by search engines]Linking from other websites, including link farming and comment spam
• Writing content that includes frequently searched keyword phrase, so as to be relevant to a wide variety of search queriesAdding relevant keywords to a web page meta tags, including keyword stuffing.
• URL normalization of web pages accessible via multiple urls, using the "canonical
Applications of SEO
Internet Marketing
E-mail marketing, which includes e-mails and online newsletters, is a form of permission-based, relationship marketing. Once people opt-in to receive periodic announcements about your products and services, you have the opportunity to convert prospects, retain customers and create value for your business. We help you build cost-effective e-mail campaigns that market directly to potential customers, extend your brand and establish lasting relationships with existing customers.
Pay Per Click (PPC):
With Pay Per Click (PPC) advertising, you bid on the keywords you believe prospects will enter in the search engine to look for your products or services. For example, if you sell telecommunications services, you may bid on keywords like "VoIP", "phone systems" or "Internet service provider". You bid on these keywords hopeful that a user will type these words in the search bar, see your ad, click it and buy. These ads are called sponsored links or sponsored ads and typically appear next to the natural results on a search page. You pay for your ad only when the user clicks on it. Google AdWords and Yahoo! Search Marketing (formerly Overture) are currently the largest PPC providers. Our job is to help you choose the right PPC keywords to match your business initiative, craft and place cost-effective ads.
Interactive advertising uses interactive media such as banner ads and Flash to elicit an active response from visitors. They promote your products and services and educate prospects. If well crafted, interactive advertising allows you to engage consumers in direct and personal ways, enabling dialogues which may affect buying decisions. We help by producing quality presentations, mini websites and online ad campaigns.
E-mail marketing:
E-mail marketing, which includes e-mails and online newsletters, is a form of permission-based, relationship marketing. Once people opt-in to receive periodic announcements about your products and services, you have the opportunity to convert prospects, retain customers and create value for your business. We help you build cost-effective e-mail campaigns that market directly to potential customers, extend your brand and establish lasting relationships with existing customers.
Conclusion:
Hence we can conclude that SEO has become an indispensable part of today’s web browsing which produces accurate results to the user.
Tuesday, September 22, 2009
Search Engine Optimation
The acronym “SEO” can refer to “search engine optimizers,” a term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in house. Search engine optimizes may offer SEO as stand alone services or a part of a broader marketing campaign
This is process of improving the volume or quality of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a web from search engines via “natural” or un-paid (“organic” or “algorithmic”)
A web search engine is a tool designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list and are commonly called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engine also mine data available in database or directories
Typically, the earlier a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive the search engine. SEO may target different kinds of search including image search, local search, and industry-specific vertical search engines.
As an internet advertising strategy, SEO considers how search engines work and what people work search for. Optimizing a website for the most part involves editing its comfortable and HTML and associated coding to both increase its significance too detailed keywords.HTML is a predominant markup language for web pages. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text links, quotes, and other items. Its allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used create interactive forms. Hyper Text Markup Language is the programming idea used to create and design a web document. SEO devices may be integrated into web site development and design. This means is a kind of graphic design intended for development and styling of objects of the Internet’s information environment
The term “search engine friendly” may be used to describe web site designs, menus,
content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engines exposure.
Relation ship with search engines in 1987 search engines recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well their search engines, and that some web masters were even manipulating their ranking in search results by stuffing pages with excessive or irrelevant keywords. Some search engines have also reached out to the SEO industry, and are frequent sponsors and guests at SEO conferences, chats, and seminars. In fact, with the advent of paid inclusion ,some search engines now have a vested interest in the health of the optimization
Methods of SEO optimization
Ø Getting indexed
The leading search engines, such as Google and yahoo!, user crawlers to find pages for their algorithm search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a
This is process of improving the volume or quality of improving the volume or quality of traffic to a web from search engines via “natural” or un-paid (“organic” or “algorithmic”)
A web search engine is a tool designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are usually presented in a list and are commonly called hits. The information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engine also mine data available in database or directories
Typically, the earlier a site appears in the search results list, the more visitors it will receive the search engine. SEO may target different kinds of search including image search, local search, and industry-specific vertical search engines.
As an internet advertising strategy, SEO considers how search engines work and what people work search for. Optimizing a website for the most part involves editing its comfortable and HTML and associated coding to both increase its significance too detailed keywords.HTML is a predominant markup language for web pages. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text links, quotes, and other items. Its allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used create interactive forms. Hyper Text Markup Language is the programming idea used to create and design a web document. SEO devices may be integrated into web site development and design. This means is a kind of graphic design intended for development and styling of objects of the Internet’s information environment
The term “search engine friendly” may be used to describe web site designs, menus,
content management systems, images, videos, shopping carts, and other elements that have been optimized for the purpose of search engines exposure.
Relation ship with search engines in 1987 search engines recognized that webmasters were making efforts to rank well their search engines, and that some web masters were even manipulating their ranking in search results by stuffing pages with excessive or irrelevant keywords. Some search engines have also reached out to the SEO industry, and are frequent sponsors and guests at SEO conferences, chats, and seminars. In fact, with the advent of paid inclusion ,some search engines now have a vested interest in the health of the optimization
Methods of SEO optimization
Ø Getting indexed
The leading search engines, such as Google and yahoo!, user crawlers to find pages for their algorithm search results. Pages that are linked from other search engine indexed pages do not need to be submitted because they are found automatically. Some search engines, notably yahoo!, operate a paid submission service that guarantee crawling for either a
Tuesday, September 15, 2009
CSS BACKGROUND OPACITY
CSS (Cascading style sheets) is a language used to describe look and formatting of HTML documents. CSS is designed to be used to separate document content and document formatting. The most common use of CSS is to style the web pages written in HTML and XHTML.
There are various levels and profiles of CSS. Each level of CSS is an incremental release, which adds new features and is denoted as CSS1, CSS2, and CSS3. The profiles are mainly a division of one or more levels of CSS developed for a particular device or user interface. Presently there are profiles for printers, mobile devices and television sets.
The CSS syntax consists of three parts:
• A selector
• A property
• A value
Example: selector {property: value}
What is CSS Background opacity?
One of the things that can be done with no difficulty in print design, but not on the Web is superimposing text on an image or colored background, and changing the transparency of that image so that the text fades into the background. The problem can be solved with help of CSS Background opacity which has a property in CSS 3 that will allow you to change the opacity of your elements so that they fade in and out.
The opacity property takes a value of the amount of transparency from 0.0 to 1.0. 0.0 is 100% transparent - anything below that element will show completely through. 1.0 is 100% opaque - nothing below the element will show through.
So to set an element to 50% transparent, you would write: opacity: 0.5;
A few points to remember about CSS Background opacity is:
Neither Internet Explorer v6 nor v7 support the CSS 3 opacity property. Instead, IE supports a Microsoft-only property "alpha filter". Alpha filters in IE accept values from 0 (completely transparent) to 100 (completely opaque). So, to get your transparency in IE, you should multiply your opacity by 100 and add an alpha filter to your styles:
filter: alpha(opacity=50);
For some older Mozilla browsers you need to use the property "-moz-opacity" to change the transparency. It works the same as the CSS 3 property.
-moz-opacity:0.5;
You can also make Images transparent too by setting the opacity on the image itself and it will fade into the background. This is really useful for background images.
Here is an example for CSS Background Opacity in Action
A)
B)
A)
B)
Note: You can notice the difference in the code between the first row, which uses the same color value for each row, combined with an opacity value, and the second, which uses RGB values:
There are various levels and profiles of CSS. Each level of CSS is an incremental release, which adds new features and is denoted as CSS1, CSS2, and CSS3. The profiles are mainly a division of one or more levels of CSS developed for a particular device or user interface. Presently there are profiles for printers, mobile devices and television sets.
The CSS syntax consists of three parts:
• A selector
• A property
• A value
Example: selector {property: value}
What is CSS Background opacity?
One of the things that can be done with no difficulty in print design, but not on the Web is superimposing text on an image or colored background, and changing the transparency of that image so that the text fades into the background. The problem can be solved with help of CSS Background opacity which has a property in CSS 3 that will allow you to change the opacity of your elements so that they fade in and out.
The opacity property takes a value of the amount of transparency from 0.0 to 1.0. 0.0 is 100% transparent - anything below that element will show completely through. 1.0 is 100% opaque - nothing below the element will show through.
So to set an element to 50% transparent, you would write: opacity: 0.5;
A few points to remember about CSS Background opacity is:
Neither Internet Explorer v6 nor v7 support the CSS 3 opacity property. Instead, IE supports a Microsoft-only property "alpha filter". Alpha filters in IE accept values from 0 (completely transparent) to 100 (completely opaque). So, to get your transparency in IE, you should multiply your opacity by 100 and add an alpha filter to your styles:
filter: alpha(opacity=50);
For some older Mozilla browsers you need to use the property "-moz-opacity" to change the transparency. It works the same as the CSS 3 property.
-moz-opacity:0.5;
You can also make Images transparent too by setting the opacity on the image itself and it will fade into the background. This is really useful for background images.
Here is an example for CSS Background Opacity in Action
A)
B)
A)
B)
Note: You can notice the difference in the code between the first row, which uses the same color value for each row, combined with an opacity value, and the second, which uses RGB values:
Saturday, September 12, 2009
SEO TUTORIAL PROGRAM
Introduction:-
SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization. Often considered the more technical part of Web Marketing. This is true because SEO does help in the promotion of sites and at the same time it requires some technical knowledge – at least familiarity with basic HTML. SEO is sometimes also called SEO copyrighting because most of the techniques that are used to promote sites in search engines deal with text. Generally, SEO can make them more search engine friendly thus getting higher positions in search results.
One of the basic truths in SEO is that even if you do all the things that are necessary to do, this does not automatically guarantee you top ratings but if you neglect basic rules, this certainly will not go unnoticed. Also, if you set realistic goals – i.e. to get into the top 30 results in Google for a particular keyword, rather than be the number one for 10 keywords in 5 search engines, you will feel happier and more satisfied with your results.
History of Search Engine:-
When the World Wide Web came into begin in the early 1990s, almost twenty years since the ‘ARPANET’ went public, it has thrown open doors to virtual and vast new world of information, which was both unfathomable and ever expanding. But, as the number of web pages and number of people increased accessing the internet increased, accessing a particular resource from the sea of information became a problem, especially person not knowing the URL of a particular website. Necessity has always been the mother of invention; the need for a tool to search the required resource from the millions of pages of information in the World Wide Web was gravely felt and researches for the same culminated in what is now called the first amongst the first generation search engine’s ‘Archie’.
The World of Web Search took a decisive turn in 1993, when the MIT student Matthew Gray made the first robot, the World Wide Web Wanderer. It was initially meant to count web servers in the World Wide Web, but was later reprogrammed to search URL’s as well, thus forming the first Website Database, Wandex. ALIWEB released in 1993 was also a robot, but with an added feature allowing users to submit their own URLs for indexing purpose.
Web robots are called web crawlers, web spiders or web wanderers. In its earlier versions, it was criticized for taking too much bandwidth, often leading to a server crash. But the issue was sorted out in the later generations.
Common Search Engine Principles:-
Every one in the computer field has heard of a search engine. A search engine is basically a program that is designed to search all the documents in the internet for some specific keywords. The search engine then produces the list of documents where in these keywords are found.
There are some common search engine principles that are used to activate the search engine. When you use a search engine key, it first sends out a spider whose job is to collect many documents with the related key words possible. The spider can be compared to a web browser, how ever the difference in the fact that the web browser shows all the information of a page while the spider has no visual components. It works with the HTML code of the page.
Search engines have a larger data base that is used for the storage of downloaded and proceeded pages. It is usually referred to as index of the search engine.
SEO Myths:-
Myth 1- Only Experts Can Do SEO Correctly:-
A couple of yeas ago this may have been true. But now, there is so much written about SEO and how to get it right, that there is reason remaining why you do not understand the basics of it. It is no longer to necessary to seek an SEO company to optimize your Web Site – unless you simply do not have the time to do it, but they will gladly take your money, one way or the other. It will take some reading, but after you find out each important thing – be sure to apply it to your web pages!
Myth 2- “Experts” Can Guarantee A Number 1 Position:-
Not true – at least not in any way that will really matter. Your goal should be to get to the first page of the search engine results page (SERP) using the keywords that people would normally use when looking for the information that you offer. An SEO company may promise that you can have that position – by using keywords that don’t really matter – so what.
Myth 3- Just Put As Many Keywords on the Page as Possible:-
The goal of the search engines is to provide people with valid information, not a bunch of incomprehensible garbage. The programmers of the search engines know this, and they also know that people (advertisers) will pay more for real results. Therefore they program their spiders to be able to detect between phony pages and real content. You win when you give people what they want and use a keyword frequency of about 4-6%, or one keyword phrase per paragraph, or just slightly less than that.
SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization. Often considered the more technical part of Web Marketing. This is true because SEO does help in the promotion of sites and at the same time it requires some technical knowledge – at least familiarity with basic HTML. SEO is sometimes also called SEO copyrighting because most of the techniques that are used to promote sites in search engines deal with text. Generally, SEO can make them more search engine friendly thus getting higher positions in search results.
One of the basic truths in SEO is that even if you do all the things that are necessary to do, this does not automatically guarantee you top ratings but if you neglect basic rules, this certainly will not go unnoticed. Also, if you set realistic goals – i.e. to get into the top 30 results in Google for a particular keyword, rather than be the number one for 10 keywords in 5 search engines, you will feel happier and more satisfied with your results.
History of Search Engine:-
When the World Wide Web came into begin in the early 1990s, almost twenty years since the ‘ARPANET’ went public, it has thrown open doors to virtual and vast new world of information, which was both unfathomable and ever expanding. But, as the number of web pages and number of people increased accessing the internet increased, accessing a particular resource from the sea of information became a problem, especially person not knowing the URL of a particular website. Necessity has always been the mother of invention; the need for a tool to search the required resource from the millions of pages of information in the World Wide Web was gravely felt and researches for the same culminated in what is now called the first amongst the first generation search engine’s ‘Archie’.
The World of Web Search took a decisive turn in 1993, when the MIT student Matthew Gray made the first robot, the World Wide Web Wanderer. It was initially meant to count web servers in the World Wide Web, but was later reprogrammed to search URL’s as well, thus forming the first Website Database, Wandex. ALIWEB released in 1993 was also a robot, but with an added feature allowing users to submit their own URLs for indexing purpose.
Web robots are called web crawlers, web spiders or web wanderers. In its earlier versions, it was criticized for taking too much bandwidth, often leading to a server crash. But the issue was sorted out in the later generations.
Common Search Engine Principles:-
Every one in the computer field has heard of a search engine. A search engine is basically a program that is designed to search all the documents in the internet for some specific keywords. The search engine then produces the list of documents where in these keywords are found.
There are some common search engine principles that are used to activate the search engine. When you use a search engine key, it first sends out a spider whose job is to collect many documents with the related key words possible. The spider can be compared to a web browser, how ever the difference in the fact that the web browser shows all the information of a page while the spider has no visual components. It works with the HTML code of the page.
Search engines have a larger data base that is used for the storage of downloaded and proceeded pages. It is usually referred to as index of the search engine.
SEO Myths:-
Myth 1- Only Experts Can Do SEO Correctly:-
A couple of yeas ago this may have been true. But now, there is so much written about SEO and how to get it right, that there is reason remaining why you do not understand the basics of it. It is no longer to necessary to seek an SEO company to optimize your Web Site – unless you simply do not have the time to do it, but they will gladly take your money, one way or the other. It will take some reading, but after you find out each important thing – be sure to apply it to your web pages!
Myth 2- “Experts” Can Guarantee A Number 1 Position:-
Not true – at least not in any way that will really matter. Your goal should be to get to the first page of the search engine results page (SERP) using the keywords that people would normally use when looking for the information that you offer. An SEO company may promise that you can have that position – by using keywords that don’t really matter – so what.
Myth 3- Just Put As Many Keywords on the Page as Possible:-
The goal of the search engines is to provide people with valid information, not a bunch of incomprehensible garbage. The programmers of the search engines know this, and they also know that people (advertisers) will pay more for real results. Therefore they program their spiders to be able to detect between phony pages and real content. You win when you give people what they want and use a keyword frequency of about 4-6%, or one keyword phrase per paragraph, or just slightly less than that.
Friday, September 11, 2009
Flower Blog
Flower blog may be a collection of flowers or as name indicating it’s a blogging.
As there are many blogs, which is used to share their own feelings through blogs, Flower blog also one of them. As another meaning Flower blog means a bunch of flowers. This consists collections of many flowers. It may be from a same country or may be different country.
A bunch of flowers could be given as a presentation in wedding parties, birthday parties etc. We find many flowers all over the world. Among the entire flowers silk flower is one of the beautiful flowers which add a cool environment to a room. These flowers can last long compared to other flowers. These require a regular maintenance, so that the flowers may last for long time. While purchasing of a silk flower makes sure that a blog or bunch of flowers is covered with dust resistant.
Below are some of the ways through which you can take care of your artificial flowers at your home. These are,
1. Clean the flowers for every 2-3 months. So that they do not need a thorough cleaning after 4-5 month.
2. Never clean silk flower with hair spray. It causes your silk flower to get off quickly.
3. Commercial spray cleaners exist in both aerosol and pump varities. You can get them at craft stores.
Even there are some ways through which you can clean silk flowers.
Not only silk flower, you have lots of flower like Roses, Lilies, Calla lilies, Daisies, Orchids etc from using all these combinations you can create a beautiful flower blog.
As there are many blogs, which is used to share their own feelings through blogs, Flower blog also one of them. As another meaning Flower blog means a bunch of flowers. This consists collections of many flowers. It may be from a same country or may be different country.
A bunch of flowers could be given as a presentation in wedding parties, birthday parties etc. We find many flowers all over the world. Among the entire flowers silk flower is one of the beautiful flowers which add a cool environment to a room. These flowers can last long compared to other flowers. These require a regular maintenance, so that the flowers may last for long time. While purchasing of a silk flower makes sure that a blog or bunch of flowers is covered with dust resistant.
Below are some of the ways through which you can take care of your artificial flowers at your home. These are,
1. Clean the flowers for every 2-3 months. So that they do not need a thorough cleaning after 4-5 month.
2. Never clean silk flower with hair spray. It causes your silk flower to get off quickly.
3. Commercial spray cleaners exist in both aerosol and pump varities. You can get them at craft stores.
Even there are some ways through which you can clean silk flowers.
Not only silk flower, you have lots of flower like Roses, Lilies, Calla lilies, Daisies, Orchids etc from using all these combinations you can create a beautiful flower blog.
Thursday, September 10, 2009
Css Background Position
The CSS background position is nothing but how we change a background of web page using CSS. The full form of CSS means cascading style sheets. The main purpose of using CSS means we can set different fonts, colors to the page for example if we want to change
The background as black color we should write the code as below
body
{
background-color=”black”;
}
In this way if we want to change background image it should be written as shown below
body
{
background-image=”child.jpg”;
}
In this way we can change background using following properties
top left;
top right;
center right;
center left;
center top;
center bottom;
bottom left;
bottom right;
x position,y position;
inherit: which specigies that the positions of x and y are inherited from the parent element;
Syntax: background position :< value>
value:% value [center|top|bottom][right|left|center]
appiles to:block level and replaced elements
The background property value gives the initial poison of background image.
For example the below code will explain the usage of background positioning using cascading style sheets.
body
{
background-color=”red”;
}
the background repeat will permit us to repeat the background as how many wants to repeat as we want
CSS Center Float Horizontal
It is not easy to make center floated elements. but it is not true we can make it by having a group of buttons for a menu and it can be build by them fluid in width then it would be nice and make them float in the center of page. And it is at a problem if the floats have a width because we can ascertain the main parent width and use margin auto to center the whole block.
The premises is simple and basically just involves a width less float that is placed 50% form the left using position:relative.the nested inner element is reserved and negative relative position of 50% is applied. This has effect of placing the element in the center. Relative positing maintains the flow and allows other content to flow underneath.
Drawback:
The drawbacks are mainly that when the floats wrap at shorter screen widths then the element that has wrapped will not align to the center. That does not seem to be much of a problem to me but you may think differently. In a fixed scenario there will be course be no need to wrap and will work fine. There is also a horizontal scroll bar problem where the width of the centered floats are more than half the width of the container that they are centered in and a horizontal scrollbar will appear on the window at smaller screen sizes. This can be cured by applying overflow: hidden to parent container and should really not be much brother.
Another option:
We can achieve similar effects by not using the floats but by display: table for mozilla and using display: inline-block for all IE. IE only understand display the inline-block on inline elements. This is also inconsistency in IE& and IE8 has support for inline block anyway.
There are 3 ways for blocking of centering a block: centering with margins, centrering with percentages, or centering with absolute sizes. The first method seems to be work fast.
There are multiple techniques for centering a block element; ant the choice for the technique depends on whether you have the size set in the percentages or in more absolute values.
Centering the entire page contents
This technique is particularly useful when we want to center entire pages contents. Unlike the centering with absolute sizes method below, this method should prevent the negative left margin from making the left hand area of the element inaccessible in narrower browser windows.
To draw fixed shapes all we need to do is specify the width and height of the area. Then adding the padding and border to the box which will surround the content. Padding is the distance between the content and the border. The margins we specify will place the box at the specified distance form its neighbours.we can set the margins on all four slides of box and they can all be different sizes to suit. If we don’t know the size of the content we can set auto and the box expand s required shape itself. And the auto size is for o to 100 %.we can expand up to that extent only.
The premises is simple and basically just involves a width less float that is placed 50% form the left using position:relative.the nested inner element is reserved and negative relative position of 50% is applied. This has effect of placing the element in the center. Relative positing maintains the flow and allows other content to flow underneath.
Drawback:
The drawbacks are mainly that when the floats wrap at shorter screen widths then the element that has wrapped will not align to the center. That does not seem to be much of a problem to me but you may think differently. In a fixed scenario there will be course be no need to wrap and will work fine. There is also a horizontal scroll bar problem where the width of the centered floats are more than half the width of the container that they are centered in and a horizontal scrollbar will appear on the window at smaller screen sizes. This can be cured by applying overflow: hidden to parent container and should really not be much brother.
Another option:
We can achieve similar effects by not using the floats but by display: table for mozilla and using display: inline-block for all IE. IE only understand display the inline-block on inline elements. This is also inconsistency in IE& and IE8 has support for inline block anyway.
There are 3 ways for blocking of centering a block: centering with margins, centrering with percentages, or centering with absolute sizes. The first method seems to be work fast.
There are multiple techniques for centering a block element; ant the choice for the technique depends on whether you have the size set in the percentages or in more absolute values.
Centering the entire page contents
This technique is particularly useful when we want to center entire pages contents. Unlike the centering with absolute sizes method below, this method should prevent the negative left margin from making the left hand area of the element inaccessible in narrower browser windows.
To draw fixed shapes all we need to do is specify the width and height of the area. Then adding the padding and border to the box which will surround the content. Padding is the distance between the content and the border. The margins we specify will place the box at the specified distance form its neighbours.we can set the margins on all four slides of box and they can all be different sizes to suit. If we don’t know the size of the content we can set auto and the box expand s required shape itself. And the auto size is for o to 100 %.we can expand up to that extent only.
Wednesday, September 9, 2009
CSS Flash Templates
Flowchart: [smart features for professionals results]
Smart draw translates whatever u need to communicate into compelling, professional quality visuals in minutes-eliminating the need for manual drawing.
Web templates are one of the member sections of CSS templates.
CARS AND VEHICLES TEMPLATES PREVIEW
The fast and inexpensive access to the internet is adobe flash. This is advanced design from Microsoft Corporation. We have to be thankful for this type of access.
If the site design looks more beautiful then it is possible to receive more money from the customer. If the site is not up to the standard design then site has developed for a long time and expensive. Then customer thinks that he has received an effective site because he has paid much for it.
In order for optimization of flash and silver light animation sites is an expensive pleasure SEO will suggest to customers to buy places for the links for search engine optimization
But this increases more expense for development and site maintenance.
The studio which developed an effective animated web site adds it to the portfolio and waits for new customers wishing to order similar web design development. Sites with non standard animated design have as a rule, difficult and hard to understand the system of link transitions.
It is not worthy to be blinking animation on selling-site visitors do not wish to distract on moving pictures which are more advertising.
Modern website templates design studio that offers the most up to date web templates and flash templates.
Web template is a pre designed web page format that includes standard text and graphics used to design websites really quick.
Some of the main advantages of using web templates include:-
We can preview the look of our future.
We get high quality premium website templates.
Website templates from providers like template monster wit minimal effect:
Since the birth of computers and operating systems, it seems like everyone and their mom and dad have a website these days. For example take local and national television commercials. Have u noticed how often they display various products or services and how each one has a website which includes their web address in bold letters and their ordering purposes. There are literally hundreds of template options available for you to choose from, but there are only a few top quality template service providers that offer a wide array of design choices and styles like (i.e. Joomla, Flash, HTML, Swish, CSS and others). Also, web template categories can range from many of the most popular industry
However, there are some templates that will require a little technical/coding know, but those are more advanced and of course will cost a little more to obtain and own.
Just like most people, who don't have a clue about website coding, design layouts etc, perhaps buying website templates is the overall best answer for you! There are literally hundreds if not thousands of sleek web 2.0 design templates to choose from. If you do a quick search, I can assure that you will find a suitable service provider within your template design needs and budget.
Smart draw translates whatever u need to communicate into compelling, professional quality visuals in minutes-eliminating the need for manual drawing.
Web templates are one of the member sections of CSS templates.
CARS AND VEHICLES TEMPLATES PREVIEW
The fast and inexpensive access to the internet is adobe flash. This is advanced design from Microsoft Corporation. We have to be thankful for this type of access.
If the site design looks more beautiful then it is possible to receive more money from the customer. If the site is not up to the standard design then site has developed for a long time and expensive. Then customer thinks that he has received an effective site because he has paid much for it.
In order for optimization of flash and silver light animation sites is an expensive pleasure SEO will suggest to customers to buy places for the links for search engine optimization
But this increases more expense for development and site maintenance.
The studio which developed an effective animated web site adds it to the portfolio and waits for new customers wishing to order similar web design development. Sites with non standard animated design have as a rule, difficult and hard to understand the system of link transitions.
It is not worthy to be blinking animation on selling-site visitors do not wish to distract on moving pictures which are more advertising.
Modern website templates design studio that offers the most up to date web templates and flash templates.
Web template is a pre designed web page format that includes standard text and graphics used to design websites really quick.
Some of the main advantages of using web templates include:-
We can preview the look of our future.
We get high quality premium website templates.
Website templates from providers like template monster wit minimal effect:
Since the birth of computers and operating systems, it seems like everyone and their mom and dad have a website these days. For example take local and national television commercials. Have u noticed how often they display various products or services and how each one has a website which includes their web address in bold letters and their ordering purposes. There are literally hundreds of template options available for you to choose from, but there are only a few top quality template service providers that offer a wide array of design choices and styles like (i.e. Joomla, Flash, HTML, Swish, CSS and others). Also, web template categories can range from many of the most popular industry
However, there are some templates that will require a little technical/coding know, but those are more advanced and of course will cost a little more to obtain and own.
Just like most people, who don't have a clue about website coding, design layouts etc, perhaps buying website templates is the overall best answer for you! There are literally hundreds if not thousands of sleek web 2.0 design templates to choose from. If you do a quick search, I can assure that you will find a suitable service provider within your template design needs and budget.
Information about Niche Marketing
• The niche is called as “A particular part of demand for a service or product.
• This Marketing is called as the opening to sell or buy.
• The people set the two works mutually in Niche marketing means selling or buying a service or product in an individual area of demand.
• Each and every one actually meaning is service or product in a special being sell to the public who are very involved in that exacting service or product and not to the globe in general.
• High business use in Niche marketing examples for company that make computer and computer garnishing all in one scanner , printer , copy to the house processor consumer while at the similar time adverting one function equipment to big.
• The one of the good things to make the Niche marketing thus beautiful to seller is that their marketing budget goes promote.
• It expenses less to advertising to a good market then it does to market to an edge.
• The Niche Marketing make be designed to assemble the exclusive need of the target spectators.
• This Niche marketing must modify their result to assemble those single requirements.
• For example people have intended a product to create poodle groom simple enough for the trained qualified to do it, those who have poodles will be most involved in your result.
• Those who have Hounds or bloods or cats couldn’t mind less.
• The people are write the e-book will be explains how to succeed and start at an online industry.
• This e-book is covering the all information in Niche Marketing.
• The Niche is a most effective and price efficient way to adverting and sell services or specific products to a hopefully, or specific audience consumer of the service or product.
• This Marketing is called as the opening to sell or buy.
• The people set the two works mutually in Niche marketing means selling or buying a service or product in an individual area of demand.
• Each and every one actually meaning is service or product in a special being sell to the public who are very involved in that exacting service or product and not to the globe in general.
• High business use in Niche marketing examples for company that make computer and computer garnishing all in one scanner , printer , copy to the house processor consumer while at the similar time adverting one function equipment to big.
• The one of the good things to make the Niche marketing thus beautiful to seller is that their marketing budget goes promote.
• It expenses less to advertising to a good market then it does to market to an edge.
• The Niche Marketing make be designed to assemble the exclusive need of the target spectators.
• This Niche marketing must modify their result to assemble those single requirements.
• For example people have intended a product to create poodle groom simple enough for the trained qualified to do it, those who have poodles will be most involved in your result.
• Those who have Hounds or bloods or cats couldn’t mind less.
• The people are write the e-book will be explains how to succeed and start at an online industry.
• This e-book is covering the all information in Niche Marketing.
• The Niche is a most effective and price efficient way to adverting and sell services or specific products to a hopefully, or specific audience consumer of the service or product.
BUSINESS CONTRACT OF FLOWERS
Get Flowers Fast, Cheap and Grower Fresh!
Contract must be include -
Date of contract
Item number/ order number
Name of employee
Address of employee
Contact details
Sale And Purchase
Payment Of Deposit
Stock Valuation
Balance Of Purchase Price
Leases details
Costs And Stamp Duty
Costs And Stamp Duty
Notices
Governing Law
Confidentiality
General Provisions
Signature
Logan
Delivers flowers via a network of local florists. Includes illustrated price list.
Flower decoration rates for the party celebration, birthday, death, and many more occasion is different.
When the contract is assigned by the two or more parties, thet must ensure all Terms And Condition. These terms and conditions are accepted by the both parties. The sale of a business is a complicated matter for all parties involved. Even a small business often has significant issues involved with its transfer, and everything needs to be clear to ensure everyone understands the terms. The Flower & Gift Basket is a full service florist and gift emporium that has been in business.
flowers delivered by post, each bouquet rated with 'flower miles' to show carbon footprint. Also offers bulbs and floristry supplies. Trade / wholesale service available.
The flowers comes from the farm is must be fresh and they must have export quality.
Export quality has the criteria of flowers quality .
At different occasion , different flower arrangement to be done. For example for expressing thanks for somebody the decortion as follows:-
The flowers are to be decorated with a "Thinking of You" design, plus a matching balloon. The bouquet includes white miniature carnations, and white and yellow daisy spray chrysanthemums.
Flowerworks- Provide flowers, gifts and accessories for all occasions, includes buttonholes, baskets and corsages. specialising in weddings and funerals. Browse products and order online. Provides same-day local delivery of bouquets and arrangements nationwide delivery by post.
For birthday flower decoration it has- combination of different flowers with scent and balloons, sticks and short poem regarding to birthday, with Happy Birthday Tag and name. With special discount 2%.
Flowers, delivered to your doorstep from Guernsey in the Channel Islands, as gift for birthdays, anniversaries, Mothers’ Day, Valentines or just to say ‘thank you’.
So contract must be include quality of the flowers, rates-at different occasions, any discount,different arrangement, which flowers you want and totally depend on the order.
Contract must be include -
Date of contract
Item number/ order number
Name of employee
Address of employee
Contact details
Sale And Purchase
Payment Of Deposit
Stock Valuation
Balance Of Purchase Price
Leases details
Costs And Stamp Duty
Costs And Stamp Duty
Notices
Governing Law
Confidentiality
General Provisions
Signature
Logan
Delivers flowers via a network of local florists. Includes illustrated price list.
Flower decoration rates for the party celebration, birthday, death, and many more occasion is different.
When the contract is assigned by the two or more parties, thet must ensure all Terms And Condition. These terms and conditions are accepted by the both parties. The sale of a business is a complicated matter for all parties involved. Even a small business often has significant issues involved with its transfer, and everything needs to be clear to ensure everyone understands the terms. The Flower & Gift Basket is a full service florist and gift emporium that has been in business.
flowers delivered by post, each bouquet rated with 'flower miles' to show carbon footprint. Also offers bulbs and floristry supplies. Trade / wholesale service available.
The flowers comes from the farm is must be fresh and they must have export quality.
Export quality has the criteria of flowers quality .
At different occasion , different flower arrangement to be done. For example for expressing thanks for somebody the decortion as follows:-
The flowers are to be decorated with a "Thinking of You" design, plus a matching balloon. The bouquet includes white miniature carnations, and white and yellow daisy spray chrysanthemums.
Flowerworks- Provide flowers, gifts and accessories for all occasions, includes buttonholes, baskets and corsages. specialising in weddings and funerals. Browse products and order online. Provides same-day local delivery of bouquets and arrangements nationwide delivery by post.
For birthday flower decoration it has- combination of different flowers with scent and balloons, sticks and short poem regarding to birthday, with Happy Birthday Tag and name. With special discount 2%.
Flowers, delivered to your doorstep from Guernsey in the Channel Islands, as gift for birthdays, anniversaries, Mothers’ Day, Valentines or just to say ‘thank you’.
So contract must be include quality of the flowers, rates-at different occasions, any discount,different arrangement, which flowers you want and totally depend on the order.
FLORAL DESIGNS FOR HOTELS, SHOWROOMS & CRUSIE SHIPS
Before knowing about the floral designs let us discuss about the history
HISTORY: The art of floral design has a world wide history. Since flowers are used for decoration and adornment, the art of arranging flowers goes back to ancient cultures. Wood carvings, base relief’s, tapestries, rugs, wall paintings and many other artifacts tell us that flowers were brought indoors for enjoyment and always plays and important part in the lives of people.
Flower art in ancient civilization:
Certain ancient civilization provides us with clear record of how and when flowers are used. Important floral traditions and styles are highlighted from Egyptian, Greek and Roman periods.
In the Egyptian period they cut flowers and place blossoms, foliage and fruits in a variety of vases. The floral art of Egypt was simplistic and highly stylishe
d. The lotus flower or water lily was the flower of egyptain goddess.
In the Greek period flowers and petals were normally scaterred on the ground during festivals. wreaths and garlands were worn at weddings and used to decorate interiors and exteriors of homes, statues and graves.
In the Roman period wreaths and garlands were heavy and elaborate. Fragnant flowers with bright colors were favoured by romans. Rose blossoms and petals were scattered lavishly on banquet tables, streets and lakes during festivals.
FLORAL DESIGN:
The floral design is the art of using plant materials and flowers to create a pleasing and balanced composition. Various floral arrangement styles have emerged in most recent times. As architectural, interior, fashion and other aspects of design change, so do flower arrangement styles.
Types of floral designs:
1. Bouquet
2. Boutonnière
3. Corsage
4. Garland
5. Wreath
The craft of florist include various skills. These include slecting flowers that will look good together knowing how to cut, treat and selling them, which involves knowledge of customer requirements and expectations. The flowers sold in the florist shops shows various types. The floral business has been impacted by the corporate and social event world in as much as flowers play a large part in special meetings. Few examples where the flowers were used are hotels and showrooms
FLORAL DESIGNS IN HOTELS
Every hotel is having its own uniqueness in their floral designs. They are different designs for different vacations. Flowers are relatively playing a vital role in each specific meeting. It is used as a meaning of communication. The floral design in hotels are used to keep the visitors attracted and the hotel to be kept clean and by keeping the floral designs it looks peace and the specific situation is described.
FLORAL DESIGNS IN SHOWROOMS
Floral designs are placed in the showrooms for different vacations. They represent the sign of the vacation in the showrooms. The showrooms are decorated once in a week to change the environment. There are so many dealers which deal with the flower business.
Thanks for giving this opportunity
HISTORY: The art of floral design has a world wide history. Since flowers are used for decoration and adornment, the art of arranging flowers goes back to ancient cultures. Wood carvings, base relief’s, tapestries, rugs, wall paintings and many other artifacts tell us that flowers were brought indoors for enjoyment and always plays and important part in the lives of people.
Flower art in ancient civilization:
Certain ancient civilization provides us with clear record of how and when flowers are used. Important floral traditions and styles are highlighted from Egyptian, Greek and Roman periods.
In the Egyptian period they cut flowers and place blossoms, foliage and fruits in a variety of vases. The floral art of Egypt was simplistic and highly stylishe
d. The lotus flower or water lily was the flower of egyptain goddess.
In the Greek period flowers and petals were normally scaterred on the ground during festivals. wreaths and garlands were worn at weddings and used to decorate interiors and exteriors of homes, statues and graves.
In the Roman period wreaths and garlands were heavy and elaborate. Fragnant flowers with bright colors were favoured by romans. Rose blossoms and petals were scattered lavishly on banquet tables, streets and lakes during festivals.
FLORAL DESIGN:
The floral design is the art of using plant materials and flowers to create a pleasing and balanced composition. Various floral arrangement styles have emerged in most recent times. As architectural, interior, fashion and other aspects of design change, so do flower arrangement styles.
Types of floral designs:
1. Bouquet
2. Boutonnière
3. Corsage
4. Garland
5. Wreath
The craft of florist include various skills. These include slecting flowers that will look good together knowing how to cut, treat and selling them, which involves knowledge of customer requirements and expectations. The flowers sold in the florist shops shows various types. The floral business has been impacted by the corporate and social event world in as much as flowers play a large part in special meetings. Few examples where the flowers were used are hotels and showrooms
FLORAL DESIGNS IN HOTELS
Every hotel is having its own uniqueness in their floral designs. They are different designs for different vacations. Flowers are relatively playing a vital role in each specific meeting. It is used as a meaning of communication. The floral design in hotels are used to keep the visitors attracted and the hotel to be kept clean and by keeping the floral designs it looks peace and the specific situation is described.
FLORAL DESIGNS IN SHOWROOMS
Floral designs are placed in the showrooms for different vacations. They represent the sign of the vacation in the showrooms. The showrooms are decorated once in a week to change the environment. There are so many dealers which deal with the flower business.
Thanks for giving this opportunity
LUXURY BOUQUET’S
A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom . Flowers are the best means of expressing your emotions – be it joy or sympathy. There are so many beautiful flowers to choose from. It spreads out fragrance as such innocence and purity that no one can resist its charm. A bunch of such flowers is a ”Bouquet”.
An extreme and extraordinary collection of occasional, seasonal, luxurious and tropical bouquets with different varieties, colours, types etc.. with a stylish and contemporary feel make the Luxury range to our own beautiful work of art. So if your plan is to make a real impression by sending an elegant and sophisticated gift then this is the perfect collection for you.
Luxurious bouquet’s are an excellent choice of gifts for different occasions mostly like Wedding, birthdays, some memorable days or incidents etc…… No matter what age the person is, a luxurious bouquet is the most perfect gift to make the day memorable. And if you want something special for that special person in your life, it need not necessarily be a valuable gift. A deliciously fragrant and luxurious bouquet will make your sweetheart feel loved and cherished with the richness of fragnance ejecting from the flowers.
These bouquets may be hand made, traditional or artificial. Luxurious bouquets include rare collection with high richness of flowers emerging from different areas and from different climatic conditions. Some luxurious flowers are Rhapsody, cream classic, Extravagance, oriental orchids, Exotica, Pink paradise, shamrock, Kaleidoscope etc.
These Luxurious bouquets have significance based on the type, colour, price and variety of flower collection. Each bouquet has its own replica for example Orchids are an exquisite, sophisticated, exotic and versatile gift. They symbolize beauty & refinement, making the perfect birthday or thank you gift. Like this Carnations are the UK's best-selling cut flower. They are great value and very long-lasting. In Canada they are used on Mothering Sunday, a red flower is worn if your mother is alive or a white flower if your mother has died .Red Carnations for "alas for my poor heart", striped for refusal, yellow for disdain and pink for woman's love.
These bouquets by colours resemble: blue flowers evoke tranquility, harmony, confidence, honesty & security. Pink flowers is a sign of admiration, thankfulness and affection. White is a pure colour used to mark significant occasions, innocence at birth, truth in love, purity of union and tranquility at death. Red is regarded as being intense, passionate and seductive. If you want to express the strength of your passion then red is the colour for you.
So, don’t wait for an occasion; send your loved ones pleasing luxurious bouquets to express your feelings of love, thoughtfulness, and sympathy. Any day can be made special with these bouquets as they carry the unwritten message of love.
An extreme and extraordinary collection of occasional, seasonal, luxurious and tropical bouquets with different varieties, colours, types etc.. with a stylish and contemporary feel make the Luxury range to our own beautiful work of art. So if your plan is to make a real impression by sending an elegant and sophisticated gift then this is the perfect collection for you.
Luxurious bouquet’s are an excellent choice of gifts for different occasions mostly like Wedding, birthdays, some memorable days or incidents etc…… No matter what age the person is, a luxurious bouquet is the most perfect gift to make the day memorable. And if you want something special for that special person in your life, it need not necessarily be a valuable gift. A deliciously fragrant and luxurious bouquet will make your sweetheart feel loved and cherished with the richness of fragnance ejecting from the flowers.
These bouquets may be hand made, traditional or artificial. Luxurious bouquets include rare collection with high richness of flowers emerging from different areas and from different climatic conditions. Some luxurious flowers are Rhapsody, cream classic, Extravagance, oriental orchids, Exotica, Pink paradise, shamrock, Kaleidoscope etc.
These Luxurious bouquets have significance based on the type, colour, price and variety of flower collection. Each bouquet has its own replica for example Orchids are an exquisite, sophisticated, exotic and versatile gift. They symbolize beauty & refinement, making the perfect birthday or thank you gift. Like this Carnations are the UK's best-selling cut flower. They are great value and very long-lasting. In Canada they are used on Mothering Sunday, a red flower is worn if your mother is alive or a white flower if your mother has died .Red Carnations for "alas for my poor heart", striped for refusal, yellow for disdain and pink for woman's love.
These bouquets by colours resemble: blue flowers evoke tranquility, harmony, confidence, honesty & security. Pink flowers is a sign of admiration, thankfulness and affection. White is a pure colour used to mark significant occasions, innocence at birth, truth in love, purity of union and tranquility at death. Red is regarded as being intense, passionate and seductive. If you want to express the strength of your passion then red is the colour for you.
So, don’t wait for an occasion; send your loved ones pleasing luxurious bouquets to express your feelings of love, thoughtfulness, and sympathy. Any day can be made special with these bouquets as they carry the unwritten message of love.
CSS Display Block
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet. Style defines how to display HTML document.
External style sheet can save a lot of work. These style sheets are saved in CSS file.
With CSS we can create good looking websites with great effect. It can control the text, and layout of a website in single file.
CSS classification property specifies how to display an element, and the visibility of the element.
Hiding of an element can be done by setting the display property to “none” or the visibility property to “hidden”.
For example: h1.hidden {visibility: hidden}
A block element is a one that takes up the full width available and has a line break before and after it.
Changing the display type of an element changes only how the element is to be displayed.
Visibility and Display are the two properties of cascading style sheet (CSS).
The properties of both seems to be the same. But, infect are quite different. If the visibility is set to be hidden, the element being hidden still occupies the same place in the layout of the page. web users expect web pages to be more interactive. To this end, the ability to change page layouts provides your users with a more immersive experience and allows them to consume information more easily, either with a quick gallery view, or a detailed summary view
Changing an inline element to a block element, or vice versa, can be useful for making the page look a specific way, and still follow web standards.
There are three ways of inserting style sheets,
1. External Style Sheet
2. Internal Style Sheet
3. Inline Style Sheet
External Style Sheet
An external style sheet is ideal when the style is applied to many pages. With an external style sheet, you can change the look of an entire Web site by changing one file.
An external style sheet can be written in any text editor.The file should not contain any HTML tags.
Internal Style Sheet
An internal style sheet is ideal when a single document has a unique style. You define internal styles in the head section of an HTML page, by using the